Nimrodnaeam sin of akkad

Nimrod may have been Naram-Sin of Akkad. The latter ruled from 2254 to 2217 by the short chronology. Naram-Sin himself is credited with the destruction of the Temple of Enlil. However, from the chronology developed here, it appears to be more probable that the destruction of the temple was a result of the regularly recurring catastrophic events enumerated in the table in Chapter Eight, as were the plague and famine that followed and were attributed to it. From that table we can see that the relevant year was sometime very near 2230 BC. There is no direct reference in the bible to the actual destruction of the Tower of Babel, but Josephus has the following in The Antiquities of the Jews:

Naram-Sin (also transcribed Narām-Sîn, Naram-Suen, Sin or Suen being the Akkadians' moon god equivalent to the Sumerian Nanna), reigned ca. 2254–2218 BCE, middle chronology, was the third successor and grandson of KingSargon of Akkad. Under Naram-Sin the Akkadian Empire reached its zenith. He was the first Mesopotamian king known to have claimed divinity for himself, and one of the first (following the earlier Lugal-Anne-Mundu) to be called "King of the Four Quarters".

The Egyptian Seventh & Eighth Dynasties and the Akkadian Empire

	Event	Year BC
	Tree Ring Event. Birth of Sargon	ca 2354
	Sargon becomes king of Akkad	2334
	Sargon conquers "Land of the West" across "the sea," including Egypt. Begin Akkadian dominated 7th Dynasty at Memphis	2323
	Begin Akkadian dominated 8th Dynasty at Memphis	2286
	Sargon dies. Rimush (Nitokris) becomes king of Akkad	2278
	Rimush dies. Her son Manishtusu becomes king	2269
	Manishtusu dies. Naram-Sin ("Nimrod") becomes king of Akkad	2254
	Begin native Egyptian 9th Dynasty at Herakleopolis	ca 2254
	Typhon approaches earth. Destruction of Temple of Enlil at Nippur (fall of "Tower of Babel")	2230
	Naram-Sin dies. Shar-kali-sharri becomes king	2217
	End Akkadian dominated 8th Dynasty at Memphis	2213
	End 9th Dynasty. Begin 10th Dynasty at Herakleopolis	2204
	Akkadian civil war begins	2192
	Dudu becomes king	2189
	Shu-Durul becomes king	2168
	End Dynasty of Akkad	2153

28 Provinces of the Akkadian Empire

Southwest	Northwest	Northeast	Southeast
1. Cush	5. Gomer (Galatia)	12. Elam (Persia)	16. Almodad (Harappa)
2. Egypt	6. Magog (Scythia)	13. Asshur (Assyria)	17. Sheleph
3. Put (Libya)	7. Madai (Media)	14. Lud (Lydia)	18. Hazarmaveth (on the Sarasvati)
4. Canaan	8. Yawan (Ionia)	15. Aram (Syria)	19. Jerah
	9. Tubal (Iberia)		20. Hadoram (Mohenjo-Daro)
	10. Meshech (Cappadocia)		21. Uzal
	11. Tiras (Thrace)		22. Diklah
			23. Obal
			24. Abimael
			25. Sheba (Saba’ in SW Arabia)
			26. Ophir (Malacca)
			27. Havilah (on the Ganges)
			28. Jobab (Edom)

Manetho's Predynastic and First Seventeen Dynasties Adjusted for Temporal Inflation and Aligned with the Invasion of Sargon

#	Primary Sequence[years ruled]	Year BC	Secondary Kingdoms[years ruled]	Year BC
"Reigns of the Shemsu Hor"
	Fertile Sahara?	7450–2950
	Unknown number of kings until Menes1
Predynastic
	Dynasty at Memphis	After 3663?–2950
	30 kings ending with
	Hephaistos (Ptah¶)	?
	Helios (Ra¶)	?
	Sosis/Agathodaimon (Shu¶)	?	Dynasty at Thinis	?–2950
	Kronos (Geb¶)	?
	Osiris¶	?–3185	(Osiris?)	?–3185
	•Typhon (Seth¶)	3185–3154	([Ty]pu§ [Seth])	3185–3154
	Horus¶ (Bidis [Abel?])	3154–3129?	(Seka§)	3154–3129?
	Ares (Djehuti¶/Thoulis)	3129?–?	(Khayu§ [Cain?])	3129?–3106?
	Anubis (Ma'at¶)	?–3090	(Tiu§)	3106–?
	•Herakles (Her¶)	3090–3068	(Tjesh§)	?
	Apollo	3068–3021?	(Neheb§)	?
	Ammon	3021?–3006?	(Wadjnadj§)	ca 3033?–3011
	Tithoes	3006?–2987?	(Mekha§ [Lamech])	3011–2981
	Sosos/Zeus	2987?–2950	([Men]a2§)	2981–2950
			Total of 10 kings
Early Dynastic (2950–2673)—half-scale timeline
	Dynasty I at Thinis [126]E	2950–2824
1	•Menes2¶Φ [30]	2950
2	Athothis¶Φ [23.5]R	2920
3	Kenkenes¶Φ[16]R	2897
4	Ouenephes¶Φ [11.5]A	2881
5	Ousaphaidos¶ [10]	2869
6	Miebidos¶Φ [13]	2859
7	Semempses¶Φ [9]	2846
8	•Bienekhes¶Φ [13]	2837
	Dynasty II at Thinis [151]A	2824–2673
9	Boethos¶Φ [19]	2824
10	Kaiekhos¶Φ [19.5]	2805
11	Binothris¶Φ [23.5]	2786
12	Tlas¶Φ [8.5]	2762
13	Sethenes¶Φ [20.5]	2754
14	Khaires¶Φ [8.5]	2733
15	•Nepherkheres¶Φ [12.5]	2725
16	SesokhrisΦ [24]	2712
17	KheneresΦ [15]	2688
Old Kingdom (2673–2323)
	Dynasty III at Memphis [107]A	2673–2566
18	Nekherophes¶Φ [14]	2673
19	Tosorthros¶ [14.5]	2659
20	Tyreis¶ [3.5]	2645
21	Mesokhris¶ [8.5]	2641
22	Soüphis¶ [8]	2633
23	Tosertasis¶ [9.5]	2625
24	•Akhes¶ [21]	2615
25	Sephouris [15]	2594
26	Kerpheres [13]	2579
	Dynasty IV at Memphis [142]A	2566–2424
27	Soris¶ [14.5]	2566
28	Souphis¶ I [31.5]	2552
29	Souphis¶ II [33]	2520
30	•Menkheres¶ [31.5]	2487
31	Rhatoises¶ [12.5]	2456
32	Bikheris¶ [11]	2443
33	Seberkheres¶ [3.5]	2432
34	Thamphthis¶ [4.5]	2429
	Dynasty VI at Memphis [101.5]A	2424–2323	Dynasty V at Elephantine [109]A	2421–23123
35	Othoes [15]	2424	Ouserkheres¶ [14]	2421
36	Phios [26.5]	2409	Sephres¶ [6.5]	2407
			Nepherkheres¶ [10]	2401
			Sisires¶ [3.5]	2391
37	Methousouphis [3.5]	2383	Kheres¶ [10]	2387
38	•Phiops [50]A1	2379	Rhathoures¶ [22]	2377
			•Menkheres¶ [4.5]	2355
			Tankheres¶ [22]	2351
39	Menthesouphis¶ [0.5]	2329	Onnos¶ (Onnes/Unas/Una) [16.5]	2329
40	Nitokris¶ (Semiramis) [6]	2329
"First Intermediate Period" (2323–2112)
	Dynasty VII at Memphis [37.5]E(Akkadian dominated)	2323–2286
41	(Neferka¶)
42	(Neferes¶)
43	(Ibi¶)
44	?
45	?
	Total of 5 kings
	Dynasty VIII at Memphis [73]A (Akkadian)	2286–2213
46	(SargonΦ [Ninus])	2286
47	(RimushΦ [Semiramis/Nitokris])	2278	Dynasty IX at Herakleopolis [50]E	2254–2204
48	(Manishtusu)	2269
49	•(Naram-Sin [Nimrod])	2254	•?	2254-?
50	(Shar-kali-sharri)	2217–2213	(NeferkareAL¶)	?
	Total of 5 kingsE		Akhthoes¶	?
			(Senenh...¶)	?-2204
			Total of 4 kingsE
	Dynasty X at Herakleopolis [92.5]A,E	2204–2112	(Dynasty X from Eratosthenes)	2204–?
	(MenkareAL=MER[...]¶)	2204–?	(23. MYRtæus Ammonodotus [11]4)	2204–?
	(NeferKAREAL=Shed[...]¶ =ShitiKAbeREΦ)		(24. Thyosimares, CRAtaios [6])
	(Neferkare NebyAL)		(25. Thinillus [4])
	(DjedKARE SHEMaAL='SHIMeΦ)		(26. SEMphruCRAtes [9])
	(Neferkare KhenduAL)		(27. Chuther Taurus [3.5])
	(MERenhorAL¶)		(28. MEURes Philoscorus [6])
	(SneferkaAL)		(29. Chomœphtha, Cosmus Philephæstus [5.5])
	(NEKareAL)		(30. ANCunius Ochy [30])
	(Neferkare TEReruAL)		(31. PenteaTHYRis [21])
	(NeferkahorAL)
	(Neferkare PepysonbAL)
	(Sneferka AnuAL)
	(?-kaureAL)	?–2112
	6 more kings?5
	Total of 19 (9?) kings (Turin Papyrus has 13 lines)	Average reign= 4.84/7.08 years6	Total of 9 kings	Average reign= 10.22 years6
Middle Kingdom (2112–2002)
	Dynasty XI at Diospolis [21.5]A,E	2112–2090
	(Menthotpe I & Intef I=NeferkaureAL)
	(Intef II=NeferkauhorAL)
	(Intef III=NeferirkareAL)
	(Menthotpe II¶=NebkhrureAL)
	(Menthotpe III¶=SankhkareAL)
	Total of 16 (6?) kings	Average reign= 3.67 years6
	Ammenemes¶ [8]	2090
	Dynasty XII at Diospolis [80]A	2082–2002
	Sesonkhosis¶ [23]	2082
	Ammenemes [19]	2059
	Sesostris [24]	2040
	Lamares [4]	2016
	Ameres [4]	2012
	Ammenemes¶ [4]	2008
	•Skemiophris¶ [2]	2004
	Total of 7 kings
"Second Intermediate Period" (2002–1534)—End half-scale timeline
	Dynasty XIII at Diospolis [453]A,E	2002–1549	Dynasty XIV at Xoïs [284]E1 (Minoan)	2002–1718
	Total of 60 kings (Turin 7/5 thru 8/27) including	Average reign= 7.55 years6	Total of 76 kings (Turin 9/1 thru 11/14)	Average reign= 3.74 years6
	Sobekhotep III¶ (Turin 7/24) and		ending with Tutimaios (Dedumose)7	?-1718
	Neferhotep I¶ (Turin 7/25)	fl ca 17308
	and ending with Tao Seqenenre & Kamose (Khamudi)	?-1549	Dynasty XVA2 (XVIIE2) [184]R ("Hyksos" [Phoenician])	1718–1534
			At least 6 kings ending with Apepi
New Kingdom (1534–1069)
	Dynasty XVIII at Diospolis	1549–1301	Dynasty XVIA2 [518]A (Canaan [Hebrew])	1504–986
	16 kings		32 kings
			Dynasty XVIIA2 [151]A (Crete)	ca 1509–ca 1358
			Total of 43 kings ending with (or ended by) Amenhotep III
•Cometary rulers. ()Not listed in surviving copies of Manetho. ¶Appears in Turin Papyrus (severely damaged).  ΦAlso appears in the Phaistos List. §Appears on the Palermo Stone.  ALAbydos List. AAfricanus (half scale to 2002 BC). A1The total of 203 years from Africanus appears to include a 100 year reign for Phiops despite his statement that Phiops ruled from age 6 until age 100. He may actually have ruled from age 6 until age 56. A2Numbering of Africanus. EAt least one version of Eusebius (half scale to 2002 BC). E1Alternate version of Eusebius reported by Syncellus.  E2Numbering of Eusebius. EREratosthenes.  RReconstructed: see Chapter Thirteen. 1It is not clear whether these include the predynastic kings of Egypt or whether the last of these ran in parallel to the predynastic kings. 2There is universal confusion as to why Menes appears twice in the Turin Canon, once as a man and once as a god, though it is clear from the current reconstruction that this peculiarity reflects his elevation from governor of Upper Egypt under Zeus to sole ruler of unified Egypt. The Bamboo Annals of China add a few stark details to the circumstances under which Menes overthrew Zeus. There, Shun removed Yao and placed him in prison for the rest of his life. One wonders if the purported sacrificing of Zeus, as ascribed to his father in some variations of the story, may not have been carried out by Menes, the successor of Mekha or Lamech. One might even wonder about the circumstances under which Menes replaced Mekha. 3This is based on the appointment of Onnos as governor of Upper Egypt during the less than one-year reign of Menthesouphis, the brother of Nitokris. See "Nitocris and Sargon" below. 4Reign lengths are half of those from Eratosthenes. These do not agree precisely with Manetho's total, which is 92.5, but they are close at 96. 5These would appear to be either rulers of Crete or kings that ruled concurrently with the following 11th Dynasty at Diospolis. The severely damaged Turin Papyrus has room for thirteen kings here, though their names are mostly missing, and the Abydos List, when properly distributed, also suggests a correct value of thirteen kings, making Manetho the odd man out. Eratosthenes is consistently incomplete and cannot be relied upon. However, if we assume that Manetho's 19 should have been 9, as the succeeding dynasty had 6 kings rather than Manetho's 16, he is in agreement with Eratosthenes, who appears to have gotten his data directly from Manetho. 6The short length of these reigns suggests a form of succession other than father to son or even brother to brother, if, in fact, it represents linear succession at all. These may, in some cases, have been petty rulers of single nomes or small kingdoms arranged in some form of rough chronological order. 7Ryholt's "Abydos dynasty" (Turin 11/16 thru 11/31) would appear to be the remnants of Dynasty XIV wedged between the Hyksos (Dynasty XV) to the north and Dynasty XIII to the south, beginning ca 1718 BC. 8According to William Albright. Neferhotep was paid homage by Prince Yantin of Byblos, who has been identified with Yantin Hammu, the latter contemporaneous with Zimri Lim of Mari, who took the throne after the death of Shamshi-Adad I of Assyria.